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Asteroseismology of old open clusters with Kepler: direct estimate of the integrated red giant branch mass-loss in NGC 6791 and 6819

Identifieur interne : 005E48 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 005E47; suivant : 005E49

Asteroseismology of old open clusters with Kepler: direct estimate of the integrated red giant branch mass-loss in NGC 6791 and 6819

Auteurs : A. Miglio [Royaume-Uni] ; K. Brogaard [Canada] ; D. Stello [Australie] ; W. J. Chaplin [Royaume-Uni] ; F. D' Antona [Italie] ; J. Montalban [Belgique] ; S. Basu [États-Unis] ; A. Bressan [Italie] ; F. Grundahl [Danemark] ; M. Pinsonneault [États-Unis] ; A. M. Serenelli [Espagne] ; Y. Elsworth [Royaume-Uni] ; S. Hekker [Royaume-Uni, Pays-Bas] ; T. Kallinger [Canada] ; B. Mosser [France] ; P. Ventura [Italie] ; A. Bonanno [Italie] ; A. Noels [Belgique] ; V. Silva Aguirre [Allemagne] ; R. Szabo [Hongrie] ; J. Li [États-Unis] ; S. Mccauliff [États-Unis] ; C. K. Middour [États-Unis] ; H. Kjeldsen [Danemark]

Source :

RBID : Pascal:12-0049842

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English descriptors

Abstract

Mass-loss of red giant branch (RGB) stars is still poorly determined, despite its crucial role in the chemical enrichment of galaxies. Thanks to the recent detection of solar-like oscillations in G-K giants in open clusters with Kepler, we can now directly determine stellar masses for a statistically significant sample of stars in the old open clusters NGC 6791 and 6819. The aim of this work is to constrain the integrated RGB mass-loss by comparing the average mass of stars in the red clump (RC) with that of stars in the low-luminosity portion of the RGB [i.e. stars with L ? L(RC)]. Stellar masses were determined by combining the available seismic parameters vmax and Δv with additional photometric constraints and with independent distance estimates. We measured the masses of 40 stars on the RGB and 19 in the RC of the old metal-rich cluster NGC 6791. We find that the difference between the average mass of RGB and RC stars is small, but significant [ΔM? = 0.09 ± 0.03 (random) ±0.04 (systematic) M◦.]. Interestingly, such a small ΔM? does not support scenarios of an extreme mass-loss for this metal-rich cluster. If we describe the mass-loss rate with Reimers prescription, a first comparison with isochrones suggests that the observed AM? is compatible with a mass-loss efficiency parameter in the range 0.1 ? η ? 0.3. Less stringent constraints on the RGB mass-loss rate are set by the analysis of the ˜2 Gyr old NGC 6819, largely due to the lower mass-loss expected for this cluster, and to the lack of an independent and accurate distance determination. In the near future, additional constraints from frequencies of individual pulsation modes and spectroscopic effective temperatures will allow further stringent tests of the Δv and vmax scaling relations, which provide a novel, and potentially very accurate, means of determining stellar radii and masses.


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<title xml:lang="en" level="a">Asteroseismology of old open clusters with Kepler: direct estimate of the integrated red giant branch mass-loss in NGC 6791 and 6819</title>
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<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chaplin, W J" sort="Chaplin, W J" uniqKey="Chaplin W" first="W. J." last="Chaplin">W. J. Chaplin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<inist:fA14 i1="01">
<s1>School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham</s1>
<s2>Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT</s2>
<s3>GBR</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>13 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Birmingham</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Midlands de l'Ouest</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Birmingham</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Antona, F D" sort="Antona, F D" uniqKey="Antona F" first="F. D'" last="Antona">F. D' Antona</name>
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<s1>INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via Frascati 33, Monteporzio Catone (RM</s1>
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<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>16 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Italie</country>
<wicri:noRegion>INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via Frascati 33, Monteporzio Catone (RM</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Montalban, J" sort="Montalban, J" uniqKey="Montalban J" first="J." last="Montalban">J. Montalban</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
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<s1>Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique de l'Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août, 17</s1>
<s2>4000 Liège</s2>
<s3>BEL</s3>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>18 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Belgique</country>
<placeName>
<region type="province" nuts="2">Province de Liège</region>
<settlement type="city">Liège</settlement>
<settlement type="city">Liège</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Liège</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Basu, S" sort="Basu, S" uniqKey="Basu S" first="S." last="Basu">S. Basu</name>
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<inist:fA14 i1="06">
<s1>Department of Astronomy, Yale University, PO Box 208101</s1>
<s2>New Haven, CT 06520-8101</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<wicri:noRegion>New Haven, CT 06520-8101</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bressan, A" sort="Bressan, A" uniqKey="Bressan A" first="A." last="Bressan">A. Bressan</name>
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<inist:fA14 i1="07">
<s1>SISSA, via Bonomea 265</s1>
<s2>34136 Trieste</s2>
<s3>ITA</s3>
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</inist:fA14>
<country>Italie</country>
<wicri:noRegion>34136 Trieste</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<inist:fA14 i1="08">
<s1>INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5</s1>
<s2>35122 Padova</s2>
<s3>ITA</s3>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Italie</country>
<wicri:noRegion>35122 Padova</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Grundahl, F" sort="Grundahl, F" uniqKey="Grundahl F" first="F." last="Grundahl">F. Grundahl</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<inist:fA14 i1="09">
<s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, Building 1520, Aarhus University</s1>
<s2>8000 Aarhus</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>24 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<wicri:noRegion>8000 Aarhus</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pinsonneault, M" sort="Pinsonneault, M" uniqKey="Pinsonneault M" first="M." last="Pinsonneault">M. Pinsonneault</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<inist:fA14 i1="10">
<s1>Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, 140 West 18th Avenue</s1>
<s2>Columbus, OH 43210</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Columbus, OH 43210</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Serenelli, A M" sort="Serenelli, A M" uniqKey="Serenelli A" first="A. M." last="Serenelli">A. M. Serenelli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<inist:fA14 i1="11">
<s1>Institute for Space Sciences (CSIC-IEEC), Facultad de Ciencies, Campus UAB</s1>
<s2>08193 Bellaterra</s2>
<s3>ESP</s3>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Espagne</country>
<placeName>
<region nuts="2" type="communauté">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Elsworth, Y" sort="Elsworth, Y" uniqKey="Elsworth Y" first="Y." last="Elsworth">Y. Elsworth</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<inist:fA14 i1="01">
<s1>School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham</s1>
<s2>Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT</s2>
<s3>GBR</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>13 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Birmingham</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Midlands de l'Ouest</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Birmingham</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hekker, S" sort="Hekker, S" uniqKey="Hekker S" first="S." last="Hekker">S. Hekker</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<inist:fA14 i1="01">
<s1>School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham</s1>
<s2>Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT</s2>
<s3>GBR</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>13 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Birmingham</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Midlands de l'Ouest</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Birmingham</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<inist:fA14 i1="12">
<s1>Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904</s1>
<s2>1098 XH Amsterdam</s2>
<s3>NLD</s3>
<sZ>13 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:noRegion>1098 XH Amsterdam</wicri:noRegion>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
<region>Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kallinger, T" sort="Kallinger, T" uniqKey="Kallinger T" first="T." last="Kallinger">T. Kallinger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<inist:fA14 i1="13">
<s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Colombia, 6224 Agricultural Road</s1>
<s2>Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1</s2>
<s3>CAN</s3>
<sZ>14 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Canada</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mosser, B" sort="Mosser, B" uniqKey="Mosser B" first="B." last="Mosser">B. Mosser</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<inist:fA14 i1="14">
<s1>LESIA, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Denis Diderot, Observatoire de Paris</s1>
<s2>92195 Meudon</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>15 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<wicri:noRegion>92195 Meudon</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Observatoire de Paris</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>92195 Meudon</wicri:noRegion>
<orgName type="university">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</orgName>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ventura, P" sort="Ventura, P" uniqKey="Ventura P" first="P." last="Ventura">P. Ventura</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<inist:fA14 i1="04">
<s1>INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via Frascati 33, Monteporzio Catone (RM</s1>
<s3>ITA</s3>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>16 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Italie</country>
<wicri:noRegion>INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via Frascati 33, Monteporzio Catone (RM</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bonanno, A" sort="Bonanno, A" uniqKey="Bonanno A" first="A." last="Bonanno">A. Bonanno</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<inist:fA14 i1="15">
<s1>INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via S.Sofia 78</s1>
<s2>95123 Catania</s2>
<s3>ITA</s3>
<sZ>17 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Italie</country>
<wicri:noRegion>95123 Catania</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Noels, A" sort="Noels, A" uniqKey="Noels A" first="A." last="Noels">A. Noels</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<inist:fA14 i1="05">
<s1>Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique de l'Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août, 17</s1>
<s2>4000 Liège</s2>
<s3>BEL</s3>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>18 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Belgique</country>
<placeName>
<region type="province" nuts="2">Province de Liège</region>
<settlement type="city">Liège</settlement>
<settlement type="city">Liège</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Liège</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Silva Aguirre, V" sort="Silva Aguirre, V" uniqKey="Silva Aguirre V" first="V." last="Silva Aguirre">V. Silva Aguirre</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<inist:fA14 i1="16">
<s1>Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1</s1>
<s2>85748 Garching bei München</s2>
<s3>DEU</s3>
<sZ>19 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Allemagne</country>
<wicri:noRegion>85748 Garching bei München</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>85748 Garching bei München</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Szabo, R" sort="Szabo, R" uniqKey="Szabo R" first="R." last="Szabo">R. Szabo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<inist:fA14 i1="17">
<s1>Konkoly Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Konkoly Thege Miklos út 15-17</s1>
<s2>1121 Budapest</s2>
<s3>HUN</s3>
<sZ>20 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Hongrie</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Li, J" sort="Li, J" uniqKey="Li J" first="J." last="Li">J. Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<inist:fA14 i1="18">
<s1>SETI Institute/NASA Ames Research Center</s1>
<s2>Moffett Field, CA 94035</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>21 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<wicri:noRegion>SETI Institute/NASA Ames Research Center</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mccauliff, S" sort="Mccauliff, S" uniqKey="Mccauliff S" first="S." last="Mccauliff">S. Mccauliff</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<inist:fA14 i1="19">
<s1>Orbital Sciences Corporation/NASA Ames Research Center</s1>
<s2>Moffett Field, CA 94035</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>22 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>23 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Orbital Sciences Corporation/NASA Ames Research Center</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Middour, C K" sort="Middour, C K" uniqKey="Middour C" first="C. K." last="Middour">C. K. Middour</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<inist:fA14 i1="19">
<s1>Orbital Sciences Corporation/NASA Ames Research Center</s1>
<s2>Moffett Field, CA 94035</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>22 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>23 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Orbital Sciences Corporation/NASA Ames Research Center</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kjeldsen, H" sort="Kjeldsen, H" uniqKey="Kjeldsen H" first="H." last="Kjeldsen">H. Kjeldsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<inist:fA14 i1="09">
<s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, Building 1520, Aarhus University</s1>
<s2>8000 Aarhus</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>24 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<wicri:noRegion>8000 Aarhus</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j" type="main">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0035-8711</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2012">2012</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt>
<title level="j" type="main">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0035-8711</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass>
<keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en">
<term>Astroseismology</term>
<term>Chemical enrichment</term>
<term>Distance measurement</term>
<term>Effective temperature</term>
<term>Galaxies</term>
<term>Giant stars</term>
<term>Isochrone</term>
<term>Late type stars</term>
<term>Loss rate</term>
<term>Luminosity</term>
<term>Mass loss</term>
<term>Open clusters</term>
<term>Red giant stars</term>
<term>Star clusters</term>
<term>Stellar mass</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Astéroséismologie</term>
<term>Amas ouvert</term>
<term>Géante rouge</term>
<term>Perte masse</term>
<term>Etoile géante</term>
<term>Enrichissement chimique</term>
<term>Galaxies</term>
<term>Masse stellaire</term>
<term>Luminosité</term>
<term>Taux perte</term>
<term>Isochrone</term>
<term>Mesure distance</term>
<term>Température effective</term>
<term>Etoile type avancé</term>
<term>Amas stellaire</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Mass-loss of red giant branch (RGB) stars is still poorly determined, despite its crucial role in the chemical enrichment of galaxies. Thanks to the recent detection of solar-like oscillations in G-K giants in open clusters with Kepler, we can now directly determine stellar masses for a statistically significant sample of stars in the old open clusters NGC 6791 and 6819. The aim of this work is to constrain the integrated RGB mass-loss by comparing the average mass of stars in the red clump (RC) with that of stars in the low-luminosity portion of the RGB [i.e. stars with L ? L(RC)]. Stellar masses were determined by combining the available seismic parameters v
<sub>max</sub>
and Δv with additional photometric constraints and with independent distance estimates. We measured the masses of 40 stars on the RGB and 19 in the RC of the old metal-rich cluster NGC 6791. We find that the difference between the average mass of RGB and RC stars is small, but significant [ΔM? = 0.09 ± 0.03 (random) ±0.04 (systematic) M
<sub>◦.</sub>
]. Interestingly, such a small ΔM? does not support scenarios of an extreme mass-loss for this metal-rich cluster. If we describe the mass-loss rate with Reimers prescription, a first comparison with isochrones suggests that the observed AM? is compatible with a mass-loss efficiency parameter in the range 0.1 ? η ? 0.3. Less stringent constraints on the RGB mass-loss rate are set by the analysis of the ˜2 Gyr old NGC 6819, largely due to the lower mass-loss expected for this cluster, and to the lack of an independent and accurate distance determination. In the near future, additional constraints from frequencies of individual pulsation modes and spectroscopic effective temperatures will allow further stringent tests of the Δv and v
<sub>max</sub>
scaling relations, which provide a novel, and potentially very accurate, means of determining stellar radii and masses.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
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<list>
<country>
<li>Allemagne</li>
<li>Australie</li>
<li>Belgique</li>
<li>Canada</li>
<li>Danemark</li>
<li>Espagne</li>
<li>France</li>
<li>Hongrie</li>
<li>Italie</li>
<li>Pays-Bas</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region>
<li>Angleterre</li>
<li>Catalogne</li>
<li>Hollande-Septentrionale</li>
<li>Hongrie centrale</li>
<li>Midlands de l'Ouest</li>
<li>Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</li>
<li>Province de Liège</li>
<li>Île-de-France</li>
</region>
<settlement>
<li>Amsterdam</li>
<li>Birmingham</li>
<li>Budapest</li>
<li>Liège</li>
<li>Paris</li>
<li>Sydney</li>
</settlement>
<orgName>
<li>Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</li>
<li>Université d'Amsterdam</li>
<li>Université de Birmingham</li>
<li>Université de Liège</li>
<li>Université de Sydney</li>
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<country name="Royaume-Uni">
<region name="Angleterre">
<name sortKey="Miglio, A" sort="Miglio, A" uniqKey="Miglio A" first="A." last="Miglio">A. Miglio</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Chaplin, W J" sort="Chaplin, W J" uniqKey="Chaplin W" first="W. J." last="Chaplin">W. J. Chaplin</name>
<name sortKey="Elsworth, Y" sort="Elsworth, Y" uniqKey="Elsworth Y" first="Y." last="Elsworth">Y. Elsworth</name>
<name sortKey="Hekker, S" sort="Hekker, S" uniqKey="Hekker S" first="S." last="Hekker">S. Hekker</name>
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<name sortKey="Brogaard, K" sort="Brogaard, K" uniqKey="Brogaard K" first="K." last="Brogaard">K. Brogaard</name>
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<name sortKey="Kallinger, T" sort="Kallinger, T" uniqKey="Kallinger T" first="T." last="Kallinger">T. Kallinger</name>
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<country name="Australie">
<region name="Nouvelle-Galles du Sud">
<name sortKey="Stello, D" sort="Stello, D" uniqKey="Stello D" first="D." last="Stello">D. Stello</name>
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<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Antona, F D" sort="Antona, F D" uniqKey="Antona F" first="F. D'" last="Antona">F. D' Antona</name>
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<name sortKey="Bonanno, A" sort="Bonanno, A" uniqKey="Bonanno A" first="A." last="Bonanno">A. Bonanno</name>
<name sortKey="Bressan, A" sort="Bressan, A" uniqKey="Bressan A" first="A." last="Bressan">A. Bressan</name>
<name sortKey="Bressan, A" sort="Bressan, A" uniqKey="Bressan A" first="A." last="Bressan">A. Bressan</name>
<name sortKey="Ventura, P" sort="Ventura, P" uniqKey="Ventura P" first="P." last="Ventura">P. Ventura</name>
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<country name="Belgique">
<region name="Province de Liège">
<name sortKey="Montalban, J" sort="Montalban, J" uniqKey="Montalban J" first="J." last="Montalban">J. Montalban</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Noels, A" sort="Noels, A" uniqKey="Noels A" first="A." last="Noels">A. Noels</name>
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<name sortKey="Basu, S" sort="Basu, S" uniqKey="Basu S" first="S." last="Basu">S. Basu</name>
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<name sortKey="Li, J" sort="Li, J" uniqKey="Li J" first="J." last="Li">J. Li</name>
<name sortKey="Mccauliff, S" sort="Mccauliff, S" uniqKey="Mccauliff S" first="S." last="Mccauliff">S. Mccauliff</name>
<name sortKey="Middour, C K" sort="Middour, C K" uniqKey="Middour C" first="C. K." last="Middour">C. K. Middour</name>
<name sortKey="Pinsonneault, M" sort="Pinsonneault, M" uniqKey="Pinsonneault M" first="M." last="Pinsonneault">M. Pinsonneault</name>
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<name sortKey="Grundahl, F" sort="Grundahl, F" uniqKey="Grundahl F" first="F." last="Grundahl">F. Grundahl</name>
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<name sortKey="Kjeldsen, H" sort="Kjeldsen, H" uniqKey="Kjeldsen H" first="H." last="Kjeldsen">H. Kjeldsen</name>
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<country name="Pays-Bas">
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<country name="Hongrie">
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